Proper hydraulic demand calculations are critical in the early stages of a water-based fire protection project.

While many natural disasters — hurricanes, floods and forest fires — do not directly harm a building’s fire protection systems unless the building falls, earthquakes are different. 

Computer-aided design for building systems is transitioning from AutoCAD to building information modeling software. 

The occupancy hazard fire control approach to designing today’s fire sprinkler systems includes single-point densities since the NFPA 13 revision in 2002.